diff --git a/dishHistoryInflux.py b/dishHistoryInflux.py
index 9b8fe73..d757901 100644
--- a/dishHistoryInflux.py
+++ b/dishHistoryInflux.py
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import datetime
 import os
 import sys
 import getopt
+import logging
 
 import warnings
 from influxdb import InfluxDBClient
@@ -128,19 +129,20 @@ if print_usage or arg_error:
     print("    -U <name>: Set username for authentication")
     sys.exit(1 if arg_error else 0)
 
-dish_id = starlink_grpc.get_id()
+logging.basicConfig(format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s")
 
-if dish_id is None:
-    if verbose:
-        print("Unable to connect to Starlink user terminal")
+try:
+    dish_id = starlink_grpc.get_id()
+except starlink_grpc.GrpcError as e:
+    logging.error("Failure getting dish ID: " + str(e))
     sys.exit(1)
 
 timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
 
-g_stats, pd_stats, rl_stats = starlink_grpc.history_ping_stats(samples, verbose)
-
-if g_stats is None:
-    # verbose output already happened, so just bail.
+try:
+    g_stats, pd_stats, rl_stats = starlink_grpc.history_ping_stats(samples, verbose)
+except starlink_grpc.GrpcError as e:
+    logging.error("Failure getting ping stats: " + str(e))
     sys.exit(1)
 
 all_stats = g_stats.copy()
@@ -169,7 +171,7 @@ try:
     influx_client.write_points(points, retention_policy=rp)
     rc = 0
 except Exception as e:
-    print("Failed writing to InfluxDB database: " + str(e))
+    logging.error("Failed writing to InfluxDB database: " + str(e))
     rc = 1
 finally:
     influx_client.close()
diff --git a/dishHistoryMqtt.py b/dishHistoryMqtt.py
index 2291150..e9267cc 100644
--- a/dishHistoryMqtt.py
+++ b/dishHistoryMqtt.py
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 
 import sys
 import getopt
+import logging
 
 try:
     import ssl
@@ -97,17 +98,18 @@ if print_usage or arg_error:
     print("    -U: Set username for authentication")
     sys.exit(1 if arg_error else 0)
 
-dish_id = starlink_grpc.get_id()
+logging.basicConfig(format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s")
 
-if dish_id is None:
-    if verbose:
-        print("Unable to connect to Starlink user terminal")
+try:
+    dish_id = starlink_grpc.get_id()
+except starlink_grpc.GrpcError as e:
+    logging.error("Failure getting dish ID: " + str(e))
     sys.exit(1)
 
-g_stats, pd_stats, rl_stats = starlink_grpc.history_ping_stats(samples, verbose)
-
-if g_stats is None:
-    # verbose output already happened, so just bail.
+try:
+    g_stats, pd_stats, rl_stats = starlink_grpc.history_ping_stats(samples, verbose)
+except starlink_grpc.GrpcError as e:
+    logging.error("Failure getting ping stats: " + str(e))
     sys.exit(1)
 
 topic_prefix = "starlink/dish_ping_stats/" + dish_id + "/"
@@ -128,5 +130,5 @@ if username is not None:
 try:
     paho.mqtt.publish.multiple(msgs, client_id=dish_id, **mqargs)
 except Exception as e:
-    print("Failed publishing to MQTT broker: " + str(e))
+    logging.error("Failed publishing to MQTT broker: " + str(e))
     sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/dishHistoryStats.py b/dishHistoryStats.py
index ab2d9bb..683f490 100644
--- a/dishHistoryStats.py
+++ b/dishHistoryStats.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 import datetime
 import sys
 import getopt
+import logging
 
 import starlink_grpc
 
@@ -61,6 +62,8 @@ if print_usage or arg_error:
     print("    -H: print CSV header instead of parsing file")
     sys.exit(1 if arg_error else 0)
 
+logging.basicConfig(format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s")
+
 g_fields, pd_fields, rl_fields = starlink_grpc.history_ping_field_names()
 
 if print_header:
@@ -78,10 +81,10 @@ if print_header:
 
 timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
 
-g_stats, pd_stats, rl_stats = starlink_grpc.history_ping_stats(samples, verbose)
-
-if g_stats is None:
-    # verbose output already happened, so just bail.
+try:
+    g_stats, pd_stats, rl_stats = starlink_grpc.history_ping_stats(samples, verbose)
+except starlink_grpc.GrpcError as e:
+    logging.error("Failure getting ping stats: " + str(e))
     sys.exit(1)
 
 if verbose:
diff --git a/dishStatusCsv.py b/dishStatusCsv.py
index 0c96587..c8b7968 100644
--- a/dishStatusCsv.py
+++ b/dishStatusCsv.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 import datetime
 import sys
 import getopt
+import logging
 
 import grpc
 
@@ -44,6 +45,8 @@ if print_usage or arg_error:
     print("    -H: print CSV header instead of parsing file")
     sys.exit(1 if arg_error else 0)
 
+logging.basicConfig(format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s")
+
 if print_header:
     header = [
         "datetimestamp_utc",
@@ -71,7 +74,7 @@ try:
         stub = spacex.api.device.device_pb2_grpc.DeviceStub(channel)
         response = stub.Handle(spacex.api.device.device_pb2.Request(get_status={}))
 except grpc.RpcError:
-    print("Failed getting status info")
+    logging.error("Failed getting status info")
     sys.exit(1)
 
 timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
diff --git a/dishStatusInflux.py b/dishStatusInflux.py
index 2a4987d..98c5d01 100644
--- a/dishStatusInflux.py
+++ b/dishStatusInflux.py
@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@ import time
 import os
 import sys
 import getopt
-
+import logging
 import warnings
+
 from influxdb import InfluxDBClient
 from influxdb import SeriesHelper
 
@@ -123,6 +124,18 @@ if print_usage or arg_error:
     print("    -U <name>: Set username for authentication")
     sys.exit(1 if arg_error else 0)
 
+logging.basicConfig(format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s")
+
+def conn_error(msg):
+    # Connection errors that happen while running in an interval loop are
+    # not critical failures, because they can (usually) be retried, or
+    # because they will be recorded as dish state unavailable. They're still
+    # interesting, though, so print them even in non-verbose mode.
+    if sleep_time > 0:
+        print(msg)
+    else:
+        logging.error(msg)
+
 class DeviceStatusSeries(SeriesHelper):
     class Meta:
         series_name = "spacex.starlink.user_terminal.status"
@@ -151,6 +164,7 @@ if "verify_ssl" in icargs and not icargs["verify_ssl"]:
 
 influx_client = InfluxDBClient(**icargs)
 
+rc = 0
 try:
     dish_channel = None
     last_id = None
@@ -182,6 +196,7 @@ try:
                 pop_ping_latency_ms=status.pop_ping_latency_ms,
                 currently_obstructed=status.obstruction_stats.currently_obstructed,
                 fraction_obstructed=status.obstruction_stats.fraction_obstructed)
+            pending += 1
             last_id = status.device_info.id
             last_failed = False
         except grpc.RpcError:
@@ -189,25 +204,36 @@ try:
                 dish_channel.close()
                 dish_channel = None
             if last_failed:
-                if last_id is not None:
+                if last_id is None:
+                    conn_error("Dish unreachable and ID unknown, so not recording state")
+                    # When not looping, report this as failure exit status
+                    rc = 1
+                else:
+                    if verbose:
+                        print("Dish unreachable")
                     DeviceStatusSeries(id=last_id, state="DISH_UNREACHABLE")
+                    pending += 1
             else:
+                if verbose:
+                    print("Dish RPC channel error")
                 # Retry once, because the connection may have been lost while
                 # we were sleeping
                 last_failed = True
                 continue
-        pending = pending + 1
         if verbose:
-            print("Samples: " + str(pending))
-        count = count + 1
+            print("Samples queued: " + str(pending))
+        count += 1
         if count > 5:
             try:
-                DeviceStatusSeries.commit(influx_client)
+                if pending:
+                    DeviceStatusSeries.commit(influx_client)
+                    rc = 0
                 if verbose:
-                    print("Wrote " + str(pending))
+                    print("Samples written: " + str(pending))
                 pending = 0
             except Exception as e:
-                print("Failed to write: " + str(e))
+                conn_error("Failed to write: " + str(e))
+                rc = 1
             count = 0
         if sleep_time > 0:
             time.sleep(sleep_time)
@@ -216,12 +242,13 @@ try:
 finally:
     # Flush on error/exit
     try:
-        DeviceStatusSeries.commit(influx_client)
+        if pending:
+            DeviceStatusSeries.commit(influx_client)
+            rc = 0
         if verbose:
-            print("Wrote " + str(pending))
-        rc = 0
+            print("Samples written: " + str(pending))
     except Exception as e:
-        print("Failed to write: " + str(e))
+        conn_error("Failed to write: " + str(e))
         rc = 1
     influx_client.close()
     if dish_channel is not None:
diff --git a/dishStatusMqtt.py b/dishStatusMqtt.py
index ee4c667..e91763f 100644
--- a/dishStatusMqtt.py
+++ b/dishStatusMqtt.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 import sys
 import getopt
+import logging
 
 try:
     import ssl
@@ -81,12 +82,14 @@ if print_usage or arg_error:
     print("    -U: Set username for authentication")
     sys.exit(1 if arg_error else 0)
 
+logging.basicConfig(format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s")
+
 try:
     with grpc.insecure_channel("192.168.100.1:9200") as channel:
         stub = spacex.api.device.device_pb2_grpc.DeviceStub(channel)
         response = stub.Handle(spacex.api.device.device_pb2.Request(get_status={}))
 except grpc.RpcError:
-    print("Failed getting status info")
+    logging.error("Failed getting status info")
     sys.exit(1)
 
 status = response.dish_get_status
@@ -126,5 +129,5 @@ if username is not None:
 try:
     paho.mqtt.publish.multiple(msgs, client_id=status.device_info.id, **mqargs)
 except Exception as e:
-    print("Failed publishing to MQTT broker: " + str(e))
+    logging.error("Failed publishing to MQTT broker: " + str(e))
     sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/parseJsonHistory.py b/parseJsonHistory.py
index 3e8d1aa..50fe1ff 100644
--- a/parseJsonHistory.py
+++ b/parseJsonHistory.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 import datetime
 import sys
 import getopt
+import logging
 
 import starlink_json
 
@@ -65,6 +66,8 @@ if print_usage or arg_error:
     print("    -H: print CSV header instead of parsing file")
     sys.exit(1 if arg_error else 0)
 
+logging.basicConfig(format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s")
+
 g_fields, pd_fields, rl_fields = starlink_json.history_ping_field_names()
 
 if print_header:
@@ -82,11 +85,11 @@ if print_header:
 
 timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
 
-g_stats, pd_stats, rl_stats = starlink_json.history_ping_stats(args[0] if args else "-",
-                                                               samples, verbose)
-
-if g_stats is None:
-    # verbose output already happened, so just bail.
+try:
+    g_stats, pd_stats, rl_stats = starlink_json.history_ping_stats(args[0] if args else "-",
+                                                                   samples, verbose)
+except starlink_json.JsonError as e:
+    logging.error("Failure getting ping stats: " + str(e))
     sys.exit(1)
 
 if verbose:
diff --git a/starlink_grpc.py b/starlink_grpc.py
index 09ec8d0..ec65b14 100644
--- a/starlink_grpc.py
+++ b/starlink_grpc.py
@@ -82,6 +82,21 @@ import grpc
 import spacex.api.device.device_pb2
 import spacex.api.device.device_pb2_grpc
 
+
+class GrpcError(Exception):
+    """Provides error info when something went wrong with a gRPC call."""
+    def __init__(self, e, *args, **kwargs):
+        # grpc.RpcError is too verbose to print in whole, but it may also be
+        # a Call object, and that class has some minimally useful info.
+        if isinstance(e, grpc.Call):
+            msg = e.details()
+        elif isinstance(e, grpc.RpcError):
+            msg = "Unknown communication or service error"
+        else:
+            msg = str(e)
+        super().__init__(msg, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
 def get_status():
     """Fetch status data and return it in grpc structure format.
 
@@ -98,13 +113,16 @@ def get_id():
 
     Returns:
         A string identifying the Starlink user terminal reachable from the
-        local network, or None if no user terminal is currently reachable.
+        local network.
+
+    Raises:
+        GrpcError: No user terminal is currently reachable.
     """
     try:
         status = get_status()
         return status.device_info.id
-    except grpc.RpcError:
-        return None
+    except grpc.RpcError as e:
+        raise GrpcError(e)
 
 def history_ping_field_names():
     """Return the field names of the packet loss stats.
@@ -152,20 +170,18 @@ def history_ping_stats(parse_samples, verbose=False):
         verbose (bool): Optionally produce verbose output.
 
     Returns:
-        On success, a tuple with 3 dicts, the first mapping general stat names
-        to their values, the second mapping ping drop stat names to their
-        values and the third mapping ping drop run length stat names to their
-        values.
+        A tuple with 3 dicts, the first mapping general stat names to their
+        values, the second mapping ping drop stat names to their values and
+        the third mapping ping drop run length stat names to their values.
 
-        On failure, the tuple (None, None, None).
+    Raises:
+        GrpcError: Failed getting history info from the Starlink user
+            terminal.
     """
     try:
         history = get_history()
-    except grpc.RpcError:
-        if verbose:
-            # RpcError is too verbose to print the details.
-            print("Failed getting history")
-        return None, None, None
+    except grpc.RpcError as e:
+        raise GrpcError(e)
 
     # 'current' is the count of data samples written to the ring buffer,
     # irrespective of buffer wrap.
@@ -231,7 +247,7 @@ def history_ping_stats(parse_samples, verbose=False):
             count_unsched += 1
             total_unsched_drop += d
             if d >= 1:
-                count_full_unsched += d
+                count_full_unsched += 1
         # scheduled=false and obstructed=true do not ever appear to overlap,
         # but in case they do in the future, treat that as just unscheduled
         # in order to avoid double-counting it.
diff --git a/starlink_json.py b/starlink_json.py
index 383e875..7396c5a 100644
--- a/starlink_json.py
+++ b/starlink_json.py
@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ import sys
 
 from itertools import chain
 
+
+class JsonError(Exception):
+    """Provides error info when something went wrong with JSON parsing."""
+
+
 def history_ping_field_names():
     """Return the field names of the packet loss stats.
 
@@ -46,15 +51,16 @@ def get_history(filename):
     Args:
         filename (str): Filename from which to read JSON data, or "-" to read
             from standard input.
+
+    Raises:
+        Various exceptions depending on Python version: Failure to open or
+        read input or invalid JSON read on input.
     """
     if filename == "-":
         json_data = json.load(sys.stdin)
     else:
-        json_file = open(filename)
-        try:
+        with open(filename) as json_file:
             json_data = json.load(json_file)
-        finally:
-            json_file.close()
     return json_data["dishGetHistory"]
 
 def history_ping_stats(filename, parse_samples, verbose=False):
@@ -68,19 +74,19 @@ def history_ping_stats(filename, parse_samples, verbose=False):
         verbose (bool): Optionally produce verbose output.
 
     Returns:
-        On success, a tuple with 3 dicts, the first mapping general stat names
-        to their values, the second mapping ping drop stat names to their
-        values and the third mapping ping drop run length stat names to their
-        values.
+        A tuple with 3 dicts, the first mapping general stat names to their
+        values, the second mapping ping drop stat names to their values and
+        the third mapping ping drop run length stat names to their values.
 
-        On failure, the tuple (None, None, None).
+    Raises:
+        JsonError: Failure to open, read, or parse JSON on input.
     """
     try:
         history = get_history(filename)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        raise JsonError("Failed to parse JSON: " + str(e))
     except Exception as e:
-        if verbose:
-            print("Failed getting history: " + str(e))
-        return None, None, None
+        raise JsonError(e)
 
     # "current" is the count of data samples written to the ring buffer,
     # irrespective of buffer wrap.
@@ -100,13 +106,13 @@ def history_ping_stats(filename, parse_samples, verbose=False):
     # index to next data sample after the newest one.
     offset = current % samples
 
-    tot = 0
+    tot = 0.0
     count_full_drop = 0
     count_unsched = 0
-    total_unsched_drop = 0
+    total_unsched_drop = 0.0
     count_full_unsched = 0
     count_obstruct = 0
-    total_obstruct_drop = 0
+    total_obstruct_drop = 0.0
     count_full_obstruct = 0
 
     second_runs = [0] * 60
@@ -126,9 +132,10 @@ def history_ping_stats(filename, parse_samples, verbose=False):
 
     for i in sample_range:
         d = history["popPingDropRate"][i]
-        tot += d
         if d >= 1:
-            count_full_drop += d
+            # just in case...
+            d = 1
+            count_full_drop += 1
             run_length += 1
         elif run_length > 0:
             if init_run_length is None:
@@ -145,7 +152,7 @@ def history_ping_stats(filename, parse_samples, verbose=False):
             count_unsched += 1
             total_unsched_drop += d
             if d >= 1:
-                count_full_unsched += d
+                count_full_unsched += 1
         # scheduled=false and obstructed=true do not ever appear to overlap,
         # but in case they do in the future, treat that as just unscheduled
         # in order to avoid double-counting it.
@@ -153,7 +160,8 @@ def history_ping_stats(filename, parse_samples, verbose=False):
             count_obstruct += 1
             total_obstruct_drop += d
             if d >= 1:
-                count_full_obstruct += d
+                count_full_obstruct += 1
+        tot += d
 
     # If the entire sample set is one big drop run, it will be both initial
     # fragment (continued from prior sample range) and final one (continued